How to Calculate DSO: Days Sales Outstanding, Formula and Example

Grace Achieng
By Grace Achieng

Head of Finance Solutions

20263 min read
How to Calculate DSO: Days Sales Outstanding, Formula and Example

TL;DR

Days sales outstanding (DSO) measures how many days, on average, it takes customers to pay you after a sale. The formula is: DSO = (Average Accounts Receivable ÷ Total Credit Sales) × Number of Days. Lower is better — it means cash comes back faster.

The DSO formula

DSO = (Average Accounts Receivable ÷ Total Credit Sales) × Number of Days. Average AR is usually (opening AR + closing AR) ÷ 2, and you measure over the same period as sales — commonly 30 or 90 days.

A worked example

Say your average accounts receivable over 90 days is US$45,000 and your credit sales over the same period are US$90,000. DSO = (45,000 ÷ 90,000) × 90 = 45 days. On average, cash takes 45 days to come back after a sale.

  • DSO = (Average AR ÷ Credit Sales) × Days.
  • Example: (45,000 ÷ 90,000) × 90 = 45 days.
  • Compare DSO to your payment terms.
  • Track DSO monthly to see the trend.

What is a good DSO?

A healthy DSO is close to your payment terms plus a small delay. If your terms are 30 days, a DSO of 40-45 is typical; a DSO of 60+ means collections are slipping and cash flow is paying the price.

How to improve DSO

Cut DSO by invoicing faster, sending reminders on schedule, offering easy payment links, and reviewing aging weekly. Every day shaved off DSO puts cash back in your account — a 5-day improvement on US$100,000 of AR is roughly US$15,000 of cash flow.

Frequently asked questions

What is DSO and why does it matter?

DSO is the average number of days customers take to pay. Lower DSO means faster cash flow and less risk of bad debt.

What is the DSO formula?

DSO = (Average Accounts Receivable ÷ Total Credit Sales) × Number of Days in the period.

What is a good DSO for a small business?

Roughly your payment terms plus 10-15 days of delay. A DSO far above terms means collections need work.

How do I reduce DSO?

Invoice immediately, automate reminders, send payment links, and review aging weekly.

Can software track DSO automatically?

Yes. Retten Work computes DSO from your invoices and payments and shows the trend.